62 5 Preparedness and Resilience four people drowned in underground car parks in Macao during Super Typhoon Hato in 2017. Such deaths had not happened before. Macao and Hong Kong learnt from it, and they were able to issue warnings in the face of Super Typhoon Mangkhut in 2018. Deaths occurred in South Korea in 2022 under similar circumstances. Models could not have predicted those deaths but knowing that it could happened, as it did in Macao, could provide foresight for others to consider the circumstances under which they could face the same risks. Instead of trying to predict such tertiary risks, an alternative is to establish a platform and share information and experiences of disasters across the world. A research project is being pursued at HKUST to gather climate tertiary risks and impacts from news and social media postings using AI and to categorise them to form a CARE risk database, which could then be used by public and private sectors to develop their own early warning systems with sector specific criteria. It will help to inform decision makers to better prepare for possible disasters brought by climate risks. FIGURE 5.29 Primary, secondary and tertiary risks FIGURE 5.30 Four people drowned in underground car parks in Macao during Super Typhoon Hato in 2017, Similar incidents occurred in South Korea in 2022 Sources: SCMP and BBC Primary Risks Secondary Risks Tertiary Risks Direct physical impacts of climate change: • Rising temperature • Changes to the water cycle • Ecologocal impacts • Stronger storms • Sea level rise Indirect impacts of climate change that we aware of: • Food security • Water security • Disease • Healthcare Indirect abd unpredictable consequences of climate change that are difficult to prepare for: • One tertiary impact that has become apparent is the increase of large-scale, intense wildfires.
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