342 Heterosigma akashiwo 赤潮異彎藻 Phylum: Heterokontophyta 门：不等鞭毛門 Class: Raphidophyceae 纲：針胞藻綱 Order: Chattonellales 目：卡盾藻目 Family: Chattonellaceae 科：卡盾藻科 Morphology Cells are solitary, asymmetrical, and slightly dorsoventrally compressed, with ovoid, pear-like or potato-like shape. Cell surface is smooth, covered with numerous mucocysts. Cells have two unequal flagella arising from an anterior lateral groove and exhibit a spirally swimming pattern. Chloroplasts are numerous, golden-brown, disc-shaped, and distributed all over the cell periphery. 形態 細胞單獨個體，不對稱，背腹輕微扁平，呈橢圓形、梨形或土豆形狀。細胞表面光 滑，覆蓋許多粘液泡。兩條鞭毛不等長，由前側坑槽伸出，運動方式螺旋狀。色素 體多，金褐色，盤狀，分佈在細胞周邊。 Ecology and distribution Heterosigma akashiwo is a cosmopolitan neritic species known from temperate to tropical waters. This species is bloom forming species and has caused 28 blooms in Hong Kong coastal waters from 1987 to 2023. Heterosigma akashiwo blooms have often been associated with fish mortalities and great economic losses worldwide due to acute or chronic toxicity. The exact mechanism of toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo is not yet clear, however, it is reported the reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by this species, may cause gill-cells destruction and respiratory failures in fish (Rensel et al., 2010). 生態與分佈
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