Dear Readers, Welcome to the summer edition of Science Focus! As always, we bring you amazing and sometimes unexpected discoveries through the ages. Would you choose a natural tan from performing outdoor activities or a fake tan? In this issue, you can read about the science behind fake tan while sunbathing on the beach next time. You can also learn more about a surprising connection between bacteria in the gut and muscle mass, the discovery of a widely used anti-cancer drug, and the contribution of bacteria to an oxygenated atmosphere. For those of you who are budding physicists, we have articles on Enrico Fermi and the James Webb telescope. Finally, I would like to thank those of you who have participated in this year’s “Science in Lyrics” Writing Competition. The number of entries doubled! Many congratulations to our prize winners, and I am sure they will appreciate your comments and encouragements on Instagram. Yours faithfully, Prof. Ho Yi Mak Editor-in-Chief 親愛的讀者： 歡迎閱讀夏季的新一期《科言》！我們將一如至往地橫跨不同年 代，呈上新奇而有時出乎意料的科學發現。 如果想擁有一身古銅色肌膚，你會選擇從事戶外活動還是使用美 黑霜？下次到海灘不妨一邊曬著日光浴，一邊閱讀今期關於美黑霜的 科學吧！此外，你也可以在今期認識到腸道細菌與肌肉質量之間意想 不到的關聯，還有一種常用抗癌藥物的發現，以及細菌如何使大氣層 充滿氧。我們亦為可能成為未來物理學家的你準備了關於恩里科．費 米和詹姆斯．韋伯太空望遠鏡兩篇精彩文章。 最後，我要感謝參加了今年「歌詞與科學」寫作比賽的同學。承蒙 大家支持，參賽人數是去年的一倍！在此恭喜各位得獎同學，亦相信 他們會樂於閱讀大家在 Instagram 的留言和祝賀。 主編 麥晧怡教授 敬上 Message from the Editor-in-Chief 主編的話 Copyright © 2024 HKUST E-mail: sciencefocus@ust.hk Homepage: https://sciencefocus.hkust.edu.hk Scientific Advisors 科學顧問 Prof. Man Fung Cheung 張文峰教授 Prof. Yukinori Hirano平野恭敬教授 Prof. Pak Wo Leung 梁伯和教授 Prof. Kenward Vong 黃敬皓教授 Editor-in-Chief 主編輯 Prof. Ho Yi Mak麥晧怡教授 Managing Editor 總編輯 Daniel Lau 劉劭行 Student Editorial Board學生編委 Editors 編輯 Roshni Printer Aastha Shreeharsh Minnie Soo 蘇慧音 Helen Wong 王思齊 Jane Yang 楊靜悠 Daria Zaitseva Social Media Editors 社交媒體編輯 Zoey Tsang 曾鈺榆 Navis Wong 黃諾軒 Graphic Designers 設計師 Coby Ngai 魏敏儀 Winkie Wong 王穎琪 Contents Science Focus Issue 027, 2024 What’s Happening in Hong Kong? 香港科技活動 “Science in Lyrics” Writing Competition 2024 – 1 Result Announcement 「歌詞與科學」寫作比賽 2024 — 結果公佈 Antarctica 3D 極南之地3D Science in History 昔日科學 The Great Oxidation Event: How Earth’s Atmosphere 2 Became Oxygen-Rich 大氧化事件：地球大氣層的氧從何而來 A Lucky Strike: Rediscovery of an Anti-Cancer Drug 5 by Barnett Rosenberg 把握機遇：Barnett Rosenberg的抗癌藥物大發現 Enrico Fermi: Father of the Nuclear Age 8 恩里科．費米：核子時代之父 Science Today 今日科學 James Webb Space Telescope 12 詹姆斯．韋伯太空望遠鏡 Amusing World of Science 趣味科學 Getting Rid of Glasses: A Beginner's Guide to 16 Contact Lenses 擺脫眼鏡：隱形眼鏡新手指南 How Do Hibernating Squirrels Stay Muscular 20 During Winter? 冬眠松鼠如何保持強壯？ The Modern Bronze Age: Fake Tan 22 摩登青銅時代：美黑霜
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