23 Perhaps the idea that the same reaction governing the fake tanning process also takes place during the roasting of meat may have been a bit off-putting. According to scientists, there is no significant cause for concern – with some caveats. One study from 2008 suggested that our skin may become more susceptible to UV radiation after the application of tanning products, as a UV exposure after the application of 20% DHA solution on porcine skin resulted in the formation of 180% more harmful free radicals, which are generally believed to cause premature skin aging and wrinkling [6]. Fortunately, most over-the-counter tanning lotions contain only 3-5% of DHA, and precautions can always be taken by using sunscreen and avoiding the sun after applying a self-tanner [2]. Another point to note is that, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved DHA only for external application, meaning that a self-tanning lotion may be a safer choice than a spray because DHA is not likely inhaled or ingested into the body [7]. Overall, self-tanning is considered as a safer alternative to tanning naturally. Q: Awesome! Can I give my pet a spray tan? Okay, it’s unlikely many readers were thinking about this, but apparently, someone was. In 2008, one study found that using 5% DHA on Mexican hairless dogs can result in severe contact dermatitis, causing blisters and epidermal necrosis [8]. So, if you love your pet, it’s possibly best to forego the spray tan! (An obvious but necessary disclaimer on animal cruelty: It’s not a good idea to use this on animals you do not love either.) Q: Well, that’s a bit scary. Can it hurt us humans? Apart from the caveats above, with any cosmetic product, there is a chance it does not react well to your skin – which is why you should always test a product on a small patch of skin. Figure 1 Chemical structures of the three major types of melanoidin resulted from the Maillard reaction between DHA and assorted amino acids (left) [5], and the stoichiometric structure of melanin (right). The highly conjugated π-bonding (alternating single and double bonds) ring system of melanin enables the molecule to absorb UV effectively. In another way, the whole concept of fake tanning may have hurt us. Historically, “sun-kissed” skin was associated with labor in the scorching heat – not considered very attractive. The idea that a tan is undesirable is one that is still bandied about in many Asian households, but amongst countries with colder climes, tans came to be associated with luxury as it meant you could afford to enjoy more tropical vacation spots [9]. The invention of the fake tan has perhaps made unattainable, short-lived beauty standards and trends more attainable for some; or, perhaps, it helps instead of hurts in some regions – making darker, tanner skin more the norm as we see those with fairer complexions seek tanner complexions that were once frowned upon. 1. Trump has been the star of frenzied media coverage for many reasons aside from his distinct appearance and mannerisms; in this context, it is referring to his vibrant, orange complexion. He claims that accusations of him using fake tanning products are fake news, yet there is much debate surrounding the validity of such claims [1]. The Science of Sunscreen Check out our Instagram posts for more information about UV radiation and SPF! #1 #2
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